Diagnostic Findings [Last Modified: ]
Free-Living Amebic Infections
[Naegleria fowleri] [Acanthamoeba spp.] [Balamuthia mandrillaris]

Causal Agent Life Cycle Geographic Distribution Clinical Features Laboratory Diagnosis Treatment

Microscopy

Naegleria fowleri trophozoites
A

A: Naegleria fowleri trophozoites, cultured from cerebrospinal fluid.  These cells have characteristically large nuclei with a large, dark staining karyosome.  The amebae are very active and extend and retract pseudopods.  Trichrome stain.  From a patient who died from primary amebic meningoencephalitis in Virginia.

Naegleria fowleri trophozoite
B

B: Naegleria fowleri trophozoite in spinal fluid.  Trichrome stain.  Note the typically large karyosome and the monopodial locomotion.  Image contributed by Texas State Health Department.

Naegleria fowleri in brain tissue Naegleria fowleri in brain tissue Naegleria fowleri in brain tissue
C D E

Naegleria fowleri in brain tissue Naegleria fowleri in brain tissue Naegleria fowleri in brain tissue
F G H

C, D, E, F, G, H: Naegleria fowleri in brain tissue, trichrome stain.

Acanthamoeba sp. trophozoite in a corneal biopsy Acanthamoeba sp. cyst
I J

Acanthamoeba sp. keratitis.  I: Corneal biopsy showing a trophozoite; J: Cyst with the characteristic stellate shape, in corneal scraping.

Acanthamoeba polyphaga trophozoite in tissue culture
K

K: Acanthamoeba polyphaga trophozoite in tissue culture, trichrome stain.

Balamuthia mandrillaris trophozoites in brain tissue
L

L: Balamuthia mandrillaris trophozoites in brain tissue.

Back Top